August 28, 2026
An Analysis of the Decision in R v Miller [1983] 2 AC 161
Introduction In English criminal law, a foundational principle is that a person cannot normally be found guilty of a crime ...
Read MORE
August 26, 2026
Critically analyse the current law on voluntary manslaughter, focusing on the defences of loss of control and diminished responsibility under the Coroners and Justice Act 2009.
Introduction In the criminal law of England and Wales, murder carries a mandatory life sentence. However, the law recognises that ...
Read MORE
August 26, 2026
Describe the five aims of sentencing
Introduction Sentencing is a critical stage of the criminal justice process where a court, having found an offender guilty, imposes ...
Read MORE
August 26, 2026
R v Miller [1954]: An Explanation of Actual Bodily Harm
Introduction The case of R v Miller [1954] 2 QB 282 is a significant authority in English criminal law concerning ...
Read MORE
August 25, 2026
A Comparative Analysis of Rape Laws in Nigeria and the United Kingdom
Introduction Rape is a profound violation of an individual's autonomy and physical integrity, recognised as a serious crime in legal ...
Read MORE
August 25, 2026
DEPARTMENT OF LAW BACHELOR OF LAW (HONOURS) (LLB) YEAR: 2 SEMESTER: 1 CRIMINAL LAW (LAW 221) – 1st ASSESSMENT Instructions 1. Your assignment must be a minimum of 4 pages and a maximum of 5 pages exclusive of the Reference page. 2. Use Times New Roman font, footnotes, 1.5 spacing. Your paragraphs should be justified with font size 12. 3. Your assignment must contain citation of books, relevant statutory provisions and case law. Plagiarism shall nullify your assignment’s submission. The use of Artificial Intelligence is prohibited. 4. This assignment is due on 30th August, 2026 and any submission beyond the said date will not be accepted. Send your assignments through the E-learning platform. The assignments must be in PDF format. 5. Full-time students are required to also submit a printed copy of their assignments in addition to their soft copy. Assignment Question Daniel, a 35-year-old gang leader, threatens two younger members of his group, Peter (19) and Leo (20), to take part in a planned robbery. Daniel warns them that if they refuse, he will kill them. On the night of the robbery, Daniel orders Peter and Leo to attack the homeowner and “make sure he doesn’t call the police.” Out of fear, Peter restrains the homeowner but hesitates to stab him and tells Daniel, “I don’t want to do this anymore.” Daniel replies, “Too late—you’re already in.” Peter then runs away from the scene but Leo fatally stabs the homeowner out of fear for his life. Peter later learns that Leo and Daniel completed the robbery and murder. Peter and Leo are arrested and charged with murder as an accomplice under Section 21(b) and (c) of the Penal Code (Malawi) for aiding and abetting Daniel. They raise the defence of duress and Peter claims withdrawal before the act. In your answer; 1. Discuss whether Peter and Leo can successfully rely on the defence of duress to avoid liability for murder. 2. Examine whether Peter’s actions amount to a valid withdrawal from the criminal enterprise. 3. If Peter’s defence fails, evaluate whether his level of mens rea differs from that of Daniel or Leo, and explain how this might affect his liability as a secondary party.
DEPARTMENT OF LAW BACHELOR OF LAW (HONOURS) (LLB) YEAR: 2 SEMESTER: 1 CRIMINAL LAW (LAW 221) – 1st ASSESSMENT * ...
Read MORE
August 25, 2026
Legal Analysis of Accomplice Liability, Duress, and Withdrawal in Malawian Criminal Law
This assignment will analyse the potential criminal liability of Peter and Leo, who have been charged with murder as accomplices ...
Read MORE
August 25, 2026
Notes on homicide, murder and types of manslaughter, defences of murder and other types of homicide
1. Introduction to Homicide Homicide is the unlawful killing of a human being. In England and Wales, it is not ...
Read MORE